Know your family's eye health history.Ask your health care provider to recommend the right screening schedule for you. If you're at risk of glaucoma, you'll need more frequent screening. As a general rule, the American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends a comprehensive eye exam every 5 to 10 years if you're under 40 years old every 2 to 4 years if you're 40 to 54 years old every 1 to 3 years if you're 55 to 64 years old and every 1 to 2 years if you're older than 65. Regular comprehensive eye exams can help detect glaucoma in its early stages, before significant damage occurs. That may help to prevent vision loss or slow its progress. These steps may help detect and manage glaucoma in its early stages. Some people have narrow drainage angles, putting them at increased risk of angle-closure glaucoma. Taking corticosteroid medicines, especially eye drops, for a long time.Eye injury or certain types of eye surgery.Extreme nearsightedness or farsightedness.Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, migraines, high blood pressure and sickle cell anemia.High internal eye pressure, also known as intraocular pressure.Glaucoma can damage vision before you notice any symptoms. In some people, scientists have identified genes related to high eye pressure and optic nerve damage. The granule deposits cause an increase in pressure. That leads to a deposit of pigment granules on tissue located at the angle where the iris and cornea meet. Activities such as jogging sometimes stir up the pigment granules. In pigmentary glaucoma, small pigment granules flake off from the iris and block or slow fluid drainage from the eye. Blocked drainage, injury or an underlying medical condition may cause optic nerve damage. Glaucoma in childrenĪ child may be born with glaucoma or develop it in the first few years of life. The buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries also is known as atherosclerosis. This limited blood flow may be caused by the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries or other conditions that damage circulation. The optic nerve may be sensitive or experience less blood flow. No one knows the exact reason why the optic nerve becomes damaged when eye pressure is normal. Angle-closure glaucoma may occur suddenly or gradually.
As a result, fluid can't circulate through the eye and pressure increases. The bulging iris partially or completely blocks the drainage angle. This form of glaucoma occurs when the iris bulges. This may lead to a slow, gradual increase in eye pressure.
But other parts of the drainage system don't drain properly. The drainage angle formed by the iris and cornea remains open. This is the most common form of glaucoma. When the eye makes too much fluid or the drainage system doesn't work properly, eye pressure may increase. The cornea is important to vision because it lets light into the eye. This tissue also is called the trabecular meshwork. It usually drains through a tissue located at the angle where the iris and cornea meet. This fluid also is known as the aqueous humor. For reasons that doctors don't fully understand, this nerve damage is usually related to increased pressure in the eye.Įlevated eye pressure happens as the result of a buildup of fluid that flows throughout the inside of the eye. As this nerve gradually deteriorates, blind spots develop in your vision. Glaucoma develops when the optic nerve becomes damaged. Go to an emergency room or call an eye doctor's (ophthalmologist's) office immediately. Symptoms include severe headache and severe eye pain. If you experience symptoms that come on suddenly, you may have acute angle-closure glaucoma.
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